Skip to content
Back to Blog
1 min read

Azure Synapse Analytics Updates: Ignite 2022 Highlights

I wrote “Azure Synapse Analytics Updates: Ignite 2022 Highlights” to share practical, production-minded guidance on this topic.

Serverless SQL Pool Enhancements

Query Performance Improvements

-- New query hints for better performance
SELECT
    c.CustomerName,
    SUM(o.OrderTotal) as TotalSpent,
    COUNT(DISTINCT o.OrderId) as OrderCount
FROM
    OPENROWSET(
        BULK 'https://datalake.dfs.core.windows.net/sales/orders/*.parquet',
        FORMAT = 'PARQUET'
    ) AS o
JOIN
    OPENROWSET(
        BULK 'https://datalake.dfs.core.windows.net/customers/customers.parquet',
        FORMAT = 'PARQUET'
    ) AS c ON o.CustomerId = c.CustomerId
WHERE
    o.OrderDate >= '2022-01-01'
GROUP BY
    c.CustomerName
OPTION (
    MAXDOP 8,               -- Parallel execution hint
    LABEL = 'CustomerSales' -- Query labeling for monitoring
);

Delta Lake Integration

-- Query Delta Lake tables directly
SELECT *
FROM OPENROWSET(
    BULK 'https://datalake.dfs.core.windows.net/delta/products/',
    FORMAT = 'DELTA'
) AS products
WHERE Category = 'Electronics';

-- Time travel queries
SELECT *
FROM OPENROWSET(
    BULK 'https://datalake.dfs.core.windows.net/delta/products/',
    FORMAT = 'DELTA'
) AS products
OPTION (DELTA_TIMESTAMP = '2022-10-01T00:00:00Z');

-- Query specific version
SELECT *
FROM OPENROWSET(
    BULK 'https://datalake.dfs.core.windows.net/delta/products/',
    FORMAT = 'DELTA'
) AS products
OPTION (DELTA_VERSION = 42);

Dedicated SQL Pool Updates

Workload Isolation Improvements

-- Create workload group with resource limits
CREATE WORKLOAD GROUP ReportingGroup
WITH (
    MIN_PERCENTAGE_RESOURCE = 20,
    CAP_PERCENTAGE_RESOURCE = 50,
    REQUEST_MIN_RESOURCE_GRANT_PERCENT = 5,
    REQUEST_MAX_RESOURCE_GRANT_PERCENT = 25,
    IMPORTANCE = NORMAL,
    QUERY_EXECUTION_TIMEOUT_SEC = 3600
);

-- Create classifier to route queries
CREATE WORKLOAD CLASSIFIER ReportingClassifier
WITH (
    WORKLOAD_GROUP = 'ReportingGroup',
    MEMBERNAME = 'ReportingUser',
    WLM_LABEL = 'Reporting'
);

-- Monitor workload groups
SELECT
    wg.name as WorkloadGroup,
    wg.min_percentage_resource,
    wg.cap_percentage_resource,
    rs.active_request_count,
    rs.queued_request_count
FROM sys.dm_workload_management_workload_groups_stats rs
JOIN sys.workload_management_workload_groups wg
    ON rs.group_id = wg.group_id;

Result Set Caching

-- Enable result set caching
ALTER DATABASE YourDatabase
SET RESULT_SET_CACHING ON;

-- Check cache hit rates
SELECT
    request_id,
    command,
    result_cache_hit,
    total_elapsed_time
FROM sys.dm_pdw_exec_requests
WHERE result_cache_hit = 1
ORDER BY start_time DESC;

Spark Pool Improvements

Optimized Apache Spark 3.3

# New Spark 3.3 features in Synapse
from pyspark.sql import SparkSession
from pyspark.sql.functions import *

spark = SparkSession.builder \
    .config("spark.sql.adaptive.enabled", "true") \
    .config("spark.sql.adaptive.coalescePartitions.enabled", "true") \
    .getOrCreate()

# Read Delta Lake with optimizations
df = spark.read \
    .format("delta") \
    .option("versionAsOf", 10) \
    .load("abfss://data@datalake.dfs.core.windows.net/products")

# Intelligent partitioning
df_processed = df \
    .repartition(col("category")) \
    .sortWithinPartitions("product_id") \
    .write \
    .format("delta") \
    .partitionBy("category") \
    .option("optimizeWrite", "true") \
    .option("autoCompact", "true") \
    .save("abfss://data@datalake.dfs.core.windows.net/products_optimized")

Synapse ML Integration

from synapse.ml.cognitive import *
from synapse.ml.core.spark import FluentAPI

# Use Azure OpenAI from Synapse
openai_completion = OpenAICompletion() \
    .setSubscriptionKey(cognitive_key) \
    .setDeploymentName("text-davinci-003") \
    .setMaxTokens(200) \
    .setPromptCol("prompt") \
    .setOutputCol("completion")

# Apply to DataFrame
df_with_prompts = spark.createDataFrame([
    ("Summarize this customer feedback: Great product, fast shipping",),
    ("Summarize this customer feedback: Poor quality, will not buy again",)
], ["prompt"])

results = openai_completion.transform(df_with_prompts)
results.show()

Data Integration Improvements

Mapping Data Flows

{
  "name": "IncrementalLoadFlow",
  "properties": {
    "type": "MappingDataFlow",
    "sources": [
      {
        "name": "SourceData",
        "dataset": "SourceDataset",
        "partitionOption": "dynamicRange",
        "partitionLowerBound": 1,
        "partitionUpperBound": 1000000,
        "partitionColumn": "id"
      }
    ],
    "transformations": [
      {
        "name": "FilterNew",
        "type": "Filter",
        "expression": "ModifiedDate > $lastRunTime"
      },
      {
        "name": "DeriveColumns",
        "type": "DerivedColumn",
        "columns": [
          {
            "name": "ProcessedAt",
            "expression": "currentTimestamp()"
          },
          {
            "name": "HashKey",
            "expression": "sha2(256, concat(ProductId, ProductName))"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "name": "LookupExisting",
        "type": "Lookup",
        "dataset": "TargetDataset",
        "lookupColumn": "HashKey",
        "multiple": false
      },
      {
        "name": "SplitNewUpdates",
        "type": "ConditionalSplit",
        "conditions": [
          {
            "name": "NewRecords",
            "expression": "isNull(LookupExisting.id)"
          },
          {
            "name": "UpdatedRecords",
            "expression": "!isNull(LookupExisting.id)"
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "sinks": [
      {
        "name": "InsertNew",
        "dataset": "TargetDataset",
        "input": "NewRecords",
        "insertMethod": "insert"
      },
      {
        "name": "UpsertUpdates",
        "dataset": "TargetDataset",
        "input": "UpdatedRecords",
        "updateMethod": "upsert",
        "keyColumns": ["id"]
      }
    ]
  }
}
-- Query Cosmos DB analytical store
SELECT
    c.customerId,
    c.customerName,
    c.orders,
    c._ts as lastUpdated
FROM OPENROWSET(
    PROVIDER = 'CosmosDB',
    CONNECTION = 'Account=cosmosaccount;Database=ecommerce',
    OBJECT = 'customers',
    SERVER_CREDENTIAL = 'CosmosDBCredential'
) AS c
WHERE c._ts > DATEDIFF(second, '1970-01-01', DATEADD(day, -1, GETUTCDATE()));

-- Join with data lake
SELECT
    c.customerName,
    p.productName,
    SUM(o.quantity * o.unitPrice) as totalSpent
FROM OPENROWSET(
    PROVIDER = 'CosmosDB',
    CONNECTION = 'Account=cosmosaccount;Database=ecommerce',
    OBJECT = 'orders',
    SERVER_CREDENTIAL = 'CosmosDBCredential'
) AS o
JOIN OPENROWSET(
    PROVIDER = 'CosmosDB',
    CONNECTION = 'Account=cosmosaccount;Database=ecommerce',
    OBJECT = 'customers',
    SERVER_CREDENTIAL = 'CosmosDBCredential'
) AS c ON o.customerId = c.customerId
JOIN OPENROWSET(
    BULK 'https://datalake.dfs.core.windows.net/products/*.parquet',
    FORMAT = 'PARQUET'
) AS p ON o.productId = p.productId
GROUP BY c.customerName, p.productName;

Security Enhancements

Data Masking

-- Column-level security with masking
CREATE TABLE Customers (
    CustomerId INT NOT NULL,
    CustomerName NVARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    Email NVARCHAR(256) MASKED WITH (FUNCTION = 'email()') NOT NULL,
    PhoneNumber NVARCHAR(20) MASKED WITH (FUNCTION = 'partial(0, "XXX-XXX-", 4)'),
    SSN CHAR(11) MASKED WITH (FUNCTION = 'default()'),
    CreditLimit DECIMAL(18,2) MASKED WITH (FUNCTION = 'random(1000, 5000)')
);

-- Grant unmask permission
GRANT UNMASK TO FinanceAnalyst;

Row-Level Security

-- Create security policy
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fn_securitypredicate(@Region AS NVARCHAR(50))
    RETURNS TABLE
WITH SCHEMABINDING
AS
    RETURN SELECT 1 AS fn_securitypredicate_result
    WHERE @Region = USER_NAME()
    OR USER_NAME() = 'Admin';

CREATE SECURITY POLICY RegionFilter
ADD FILTER PREDICATE dbo.fn_securitypredicate(Region)
ON dbo.SalesData
WITH (STATE = ON);

Monitoring and Governance

# Monitor Synapse usage with Python
from azure.identity import DefaultAzureCredential
from azure.monitor.query import LogsQueryClient
from datetime import timedelta

credential = DefaultAzureCredential()
client = LogsQueryClient(credential)

query = """
SynapseSqlPoolExecRequests
| where TimeGenerated > ago(24h)
| summarize
    TotalQueries = count(),
    AvgDuration = avg(TotalElapsedTimeMs),
    P95Duration = percentile(TotalElapsedTimeMs, 95),
    FailedQueries = countif(Status == 'Failed')
    by bin(TimeGenerated, 1h)
| order by TimeGenerated desc
"""

response = client.query_workspace(
    workspace_id="your-workspace-id",
    query=query,
    timespan=timedelta(days=1)
)

for row in response.tables[0].rows:
    print(f"{row[0]}: {row[1]} queries, avg {row[2]}ms, {row[4]} failed")

Conclusion

Azure Synapse Analytics continues to mature as a comprehensive analytics platform. The improvements in serverless SQL, Spark integration, and data lake connectivity make it easier to build modern data architectures. The migration tools and hybrid capabilities provide a clear path for organizations moving from legacy systems.

Resources

Michael John Peña

Michael John Peña

Senior Data Engineer based in Sydney. Writing about data, cloud, and technology.